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Driving the Hydrogen Powered Fuel Cell Equinox

by Lloyd Alter, Toronto on 06.17.08
Cars & Transportation (cars)

hydrogen fuel cell car photo

Before TreeHugger know-it-alls Mike and Matt came along with their more sophisticated understanding of these issues, I spent four years dissing the idea of hydrogen cars or the long-term sustainability of any kind of private vehicle when they need a petroleum powered infrastructure. Nevertheless when I was invited to drive a GM hydrogen fuelled, fuel cell powered electric SUV I couldn't pass it up, and engineer Dick Kauling's boyish enthusiasm for the subject was overwhelming.

I got to drive an Equinox crossover SUV built in Ingersoll, Ontario with a fourth-generation fuel cell built in an American GM plant. They have built a hundred of them, and are placing them with families across North America within range of hydrogen filling stations. The car can travel 320 km (200 miles) on a fillup; not exactly major expedition distance. I asked why they put this technology into an SUV when it is clearly meant for short-range use and it was the only time Dick winced, but quickly noted that the 5th generation fuel cell is half the size and twice the power.

under the hood hydrogen fuel cell car

I asked all the TreeHugger questions. "where is the infrastructure?" Dick said that hydrogen was being vented off from different industries all over America and could be collected. He talked of wind and solar and off-peak peak power that could be used to make it. He pointed out that the wind turbine ten minutes away from the test drive was producing hydrogen in a demonstration project. He said they were testing all kinds of technologies, and essentially agreed that the future was electric and we had to look at all ways to store that energy, whether it was batteries or hydrogen.

Dick explaining the car. We apologize for the occasional moving van and helicopter. 3:44 min

I asked "does it leak?" and he responded that after 30 days of sitting nobody would even detect a drop in hydrogen pressure, they have designed the tanks to hold the tiny molecule.

intrumentation.jpg

I even asked "OK, who killed the electric car?" and Dick responded that GM learned lots from the EV1, and that the car I was driving was a direct descendant of it, but that the original had lousy batteries and worse computer controls, and promised that these cars would not go to the crusher.

Dick explaining the infrastructure. 1:04 min

Driving it was interesting, I have rarely driven an SUV so I was more preoccupied by the feel of the car than the characteristics of the engine. However I asked if I could put the pedal to the metal and was impressed by the push back into the seat and watching the Kilowatt gauge go through the roof as I burned through the hydrogen.

Dick explaining the display. sorry about the sound. Not me at the wheel.

Is this the answer? I doubt it. It is the anti-Prius, they wanted to show that a normal family vehicle could be powered sustainably so they took the Equinox as the vessel to carry all this technology. I think they made the choice before SUV sales fell off the cliff, and I suspect that a car designed from the ground up to run this way will look very different. Are they serious about it? I don't know about General Motors, but Dick Kauling is, and I was impressed by his conviction.


After driving one, and after listening to Dick Kauling, I will not be so negative or dismissive about hydrogen again.

More on hydrogen cars
Production of Honda FCX Clarity Hydrogen Car Begins
Hydrogen Hybrid Fuel Cell Taxis Ready For London 2012 Olympics ...
Hydrogen Powered Cars Get Boost From New Research
"Crispy Noodles" Membrane Could Help Store Hydrogen and Reduce ...
c,mm,n: The Open-Source Hydrogen Car

Comments (13)

Amazing. Simply awesome. I can only hope that the hydrogen infra-structure keeps growing in the US. I'd buy one of these tomorrow if I could...

jump to top SunwolfNC [TypeKey Profile Page] says:

It remains to be seen if hydrogen fuel cells are a good idea or not. If hydrogen is produced by renewable means then it may be the earth saving idea it's proponents claim it to be. On the other hand if it is manufactured the way George Bush has suggested, using natural gas or coal, then it makes about as much sense as producing bio-fuel from corn that uses more energy to produce then it delivers.

jump to top DaddyO says:

Few understand the R&D effort that GM has put into this. They are the only one I know of that have made it to work well when it is below zero.

jump to top John Laumer says:

Cars are a joke.

It's hilarious that people, esp. some Americans, actually think building more effecient cars is a environmental solution. Cars still need roads, still need high ways, still enable sprawl.

Sure, the lesser of the 2 evils (hydrogen vs EV) is definitely EV. This hydrogen shitte is just a pipe dream. However, EVs are not the long term solution, they are short term goals to the long term goal of phasing out cars completely from the dense mixed use urban centers where humanity will find it's last refuge of sustainability.

I'm glad I don't live in the US any more. It's time you people look to Asia and the E.U., or even Cuba, for inspiration on how to clean up the mess that is suburbia.

jump to top Hann says:

My issue with all hydrogen suggestions revolves around the issue of a hydrogen gas leak. The result of which is water lost from the Earth's atmosphere.

Water is the last thing I would sacrifice. I consider it the most important resource by leaps and bounds. The fresh water supply already is a critical issue. The last thing the world needs is water permanently being lost from the Earth's atmosphere.

jump to top tapsevarg says:

GM has a history of buying up promising technology then sitting on it so oil profits will be top. The Volt, and Hydrogen cars look to be in the same plan, and I expect that GM will make only a few for special customers so long as they don't interfere with oil demand.

I would love to think that GM has changed, but 100 fuel cells isn't an ongoing production model, it's a test run.

What GM has failed to even consider putting into it's line up is a BEV. The future is Battery Electric Vehicles. We see zero effort from GM to even consider this, or to make any sort of public recharge facilities available.

jump to top John Taylor says:

GM has a history of buying up promising technology then sitting on it so oil profits will be top. The Volt, and Hydrogen cars look to be in the same plan, and I expect that GM will make only a few for special customers so long as they don't interfere with oil demand.

I would love to think that GM has changed, but 100 fuel cells isn't an ongoing production model, it's a test run.

What GM has failed to even consider putting into it's line up is a BEV. The future is Battery Electric Vehicles. We see zero effort from GM to even consider this, or to make any sort of public recharge facilities available.

jump to top John Taylor [TypeKey Profile Page] says:

@Hann: "Cars are a joke."
That's a pretty foolish statement. Cars have enabled humanity to do many of the great things we do. After someone rushes their loved-one to the hospital in a car, then tell me cars are a joke.

And as far as your other ridiculous comment about roads. The roads are already built.

Asia? The EU? They have ridiculous pollution problems. It would seem that electric cars would solve those problems and you would be supporting this...

@tapsevarg:
Um, what? If we gather hydrogen from industry then we are actually creating more fresh water. Hydrogen fuel cells output water vapor.

jump to top stradric [TypeKey Profile Page] says:

GM can't find their ass with both hands. One engineer's genuine enthusiasm doesn't change the fact that for hydrogen to work in cars in a sustainable way there has to be a non-polluting source of electricity. We already DON"T have surplus electricity, depending on how it's figured, the efficiency of electrolysing hydrogen from water is as low as 24% and the supporting infrastructure would have to go from virtually 0 to virtually ubiquitous in, what, 10 years? 50? What GM is really saying is: Don't buy far more efficient Foreign cars, don't invest in mass transit infrastructure, don't drive less because if we just keep doing the self-destructive stuff that got us into this mess, GM will pull a magical new technology out of their hat. GM won't even be solvent long enough to see hydrogen become minimally practical and their protectors in the US government will be shown the door for their selfish inaction. While GM is putting on a meaningless show with hydrogen, the world is changing around them and they won't even be a bit player.

jump to top Gary Paudler says:

They are using water and through electrolysis converting it to create hydrogen. Then using the hydrogen in the tank and gathering air (oxygen) into the fuel cell that is creating energy and expelling water vapor. That sounds like a recyclable method to me.

Improvement in battery technology will help this solution by providing storage for power from braking and excess power production from the fuel cell. Perhaps one day the battery could assist in the hydrogen collection. GM maybe onto something here...

jump to top Tim Varvais says:

Actually, most of the hydrogen that is used in these cars is produced by steam methane reformation (SMR).

Natural gas and water are reacted to produce hydrogen gas and CO2...

For everyone that says "but what if we used carbon-free energy from the sun or hydro or whatever and made electricity, then used that electricity to crack water and make hydrogen"; yes, that is possible, but does it make sense? Right now our energy grid (national average) is only 25% carbon-free and is almost 50% coal, the most carbon intense fuel there is.

It has been shown time and time again that if you want to reduce carbon emissions from this country, you need to turn off coal plants.

Drawing a funny boundary around just automobiles and saying "but the CAR doesn't make CO2" is a silly way of thinking about things. Yes, based on our present and forseeable infrastructure this car still contributes to CO2 production. Depending on who you ask, it might even make more (per mile). Regardless, there are better, more important ways to reduce aggregate carbon emissions than mobile fuel cells.

jump to top Tom says:

To John Taylor: "What GM has failed to even consider putting into it's line up is a BEV. The future is Battery Electric Vehicles. We see zero effort from GM to even consider this, or to make any sort of public recharge facilities available."

GM is devoting billions to next gen personal transportation alternatives--the Volt being on the front lines, capable of getting 40 miles all electric and an extended range of 400 miles. They have even discussed an-all battery version of the car for urban commuters. As to your claim about making any public recharging facilities available--is that GM's responsibility??????? So they have to make the car, develop the battery technology AND build the nationwide infrastructure of recharging facilities? Should they make the tires the cars run on too? And build the highways they drive on? And build garages for people to house the car in? Let's get real here. No automaker can go it alone when it comes to buliding an infrastructure for this new emissions-free transportation system we all seek. There has to be a partnership with government as well. Here in the US-the Fed gives massive subsidies to Big Oil with no caveat to produce alt fuels (as I understand it) and spent trillions building our Interstate Highway system to speed the growth of the nation's economy and for national security. So whether it be a mandate of alt fuel pumps at filling stations-ethanol, bio-diesel, hydrogen, or a charging infrastructure--Gov't needs to step up to the plate here with assistance and help insure it arrives sooner rather than later. Automakers can't do it alone, especially not in today's economy.

jump to top MattKelly says:

One company can not do it all. GM has shown that there are alternatives.
How we produce the hydrogen is very important. There are green ways to produce the hydorgen. Electrolysis. Someone said "we already don't have a surplus of electricity" But we do, the electric company produces eccess electricity, every day, every hour, so that when you flip the switch there's light. Electrolysis would be a way to use this eccess, other wise wasted, while waiting for your demand.
As far as the infrastructure, it will develope, when the american people demands it. Companys won't develope what it cant' sell.
This is almost the chicken or the egg situation which will step out first the car company or the hydrogen industry. Both are poised waiting and ready. The american people have to show that they are ready for it to happen.

jump to top Ray says:

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