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British Biofuels Limited by Biodiversity

by John Laumer, Philadelphia on 09.13.05
Cars & Transportation

hedgerow.jpgThe Guardian of 12 September characterizes the tradeoff with this headline: "Wildlife at risk in farm land grab for fuel alternatives". The way the arguement boils down ..."The European Conference on Climate Change Biodiversity, organised by English Nature, concluded that a rush to meet the EU target of 5.75% of bio-fuels for transport by 2010, would damage wildlife"..."In compiling a report to European environment and agricultural ministers they concluded: "You can either feed humans or cars but not both."" Projected losses would include the remainder of England's hedgrows, home of the hedgehog and setting of many a childhood tale, depletion of surface waters through willow culture, and so on. The punchline, for us, is this: "The German [segment of the] report concluded that in the UK, Belgium and Germany far more gains for the environment would be made by reducing the size of car engines than by producing fuels from crops. Average fuel consumption could be reduced by 40% per vehicle, a far greater gain in reducing carbon dioxide emissions than substituting bio-fuels for coal or diesel."

Hedgerows even have an official definition: "Ancient hedgerows are defined as those being present before the Enclosure Acts (1720-1840), and which often support the greatest variety of plants and animals. Species-rich hedgerows contain on average five or more native woody species in a 30 m length".

Though we in the U.S. lack hedgerows, we do have large expanses of land in conservancy or "soil bank". As long as soil and water conservation "best practices" can be arrived at for these lands, the biodiversity tradeoffs against biodiesel do not look to be so threatening. Nonetheless, we fully agree with the German report. Simply by cutting the engine horsepower in half, to levels commonly offered in early 1990 auto models, massive fuel savings will result. This would be to the benefit of wildlife habitat and rural beauty, regardless of whether gasoline or biodiesel are being burned.

0541623190_bear.jpg

BioDiesel Bear Sez: "UnPimp My Ride" and save a tree.

Comments (4)

I've mentioned this before on TH. The Earth is already stretched for agricultural space. Using agricultural waste is ok for biofuels and bioplastics, but chopping down forest to fuel our cars gets us nowhere. We need to be careful of how much we push such things, or we will create as much harm as we hoped to eliminate.

Demand for fuel, plastics and food will grow despite how much we 'Huggers' un-pimp our rides, because the world population is expanding so much faster these days. Convincing governments and entire societies to take action to reduce population growth will be far more difficult than choosing a different car.
==== author's response follows ====
Carl's assertions are correct as far as they go. The original post dealt, however, not with logging existing forests per se but with willow or kenaf plantings, for eexample, for the specific purpose of creating feedstock for biofuel production. This could be done on marginal lands that are either droughty or erosive when ploughed. Hope this clarifies.

jump to top Carl says:

Your comments on cutting power output are probably a bit too simplistic and are unlikely to be widely supported by the public as a whole. Furthermore, one could argue that those people unconcerned by a reduction in power loss are already going to be driving the lower powered versions of the manufacturers cars.

Apart from power output automotive weight makes a considerable impact on fuel consumption, and average weight has certainly increased since 1990. If we could reduce the weight of a car by 50% at the same time as reducing power by 50% consumers would see little change in the cars performance. Lighter cars are often more responsive and 'fun' to drive as anyone who driven Lotus' 720kg Elise will testify (120kg lighter than a Smart car)

There is an excellent 6 page survey in today's Financial Times mostly about environmental concerns and the motor industry that is worth reading. It discusses most fuel types and the issues with adoption.
==== author's response follows ====
Excellent comments. Notably, when overall vehicle weight is reduced, far less horsepower is needed to deliver the same torque. I take the long view on engine power. Inside of 50 years people who enjoyed fast cars will have to see them in museums or join private racing clubs (already fairly common). It only took a decade for the fad of big engines to take off; and I see the tipping point on reversing engine power led by the introduction of powerful and light hybrid configurations that achieve high initial torque with less overfall HP and double or more the fuel efficiency.

jump to top Andrew Marritt says:

Perhaps it should also be mentioned that modest reductions in meat consumption could free up a lot of the land used to grow grain to feed the meat. If biofuels become cost-competitive with fossil fuels on their own, this might even happen automatically, if growing fuel with a given spot of becomes more lucrative than feeding meat with that same land. I suppose overall this would probably be environmentally neutral in terms of the effects on the agricultural lands themselves, but it could mean slightly reduced net carbon emissions, and health benefits to the population if excessive meat consumption became too expensive and reduced-meat and vegetarian/vegan diets become more prevalent.

jump to top Ike says:

Another point that needs to be made in the whole biofuel debate is that countries such as the Uk do not enjoy comparative advantage in feedstock production. Developing countries which do enjoy comparative advantage should be encouraged to look to biofuel production as a way of bolstering failing agricultural industries - I am think here of the sugar sector which is unfortunately suffering in many ACP countries due to the withdrawal of the EU stabex support scheme. Biofuel production could provide a welcome opportunity for diversification

jump to top stephanie says:

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